Artificial Womb: A Critical Study of Its Existence and Emergence in the Scientific World

An artificial womb or ectogenesis, which was once fictional, has become a scientific reality now, as researchers have already developed artificial womb technology and successfully done trials on a lamb, and are now working on developing a prototype for a human baby. Like any other reproductive technology, artificial wombs present both significant benefits and serious ethical, legal, and social concerns. On one hand, this technology has the potential to save the lives of premature infants by providing a controlled and supportive environment for fetal growth. On the other hand, it raises the risk of misuse, including the commodification of reproduction and the possibility of artificial baby production. Not only does this extensive biological and genetic data generated during the process —such as genetic and developmental data—pose serious data privacy and security challenges. These are some common legal concerns apart from medico issues, which are particularly heightened in the age of artificial intelligence, as AI systems are increasingly used to monitor and regulate fetal development within artificial wombs. This research critically examines the drawbacks of artificial womb technology, with a specific focus on ethical dilemmas, data privacy risks, and the potential for technological misuse, while emphasizing the need for robust regulatory frameworks for its proper monitoring.