Cole-Cole Representation of MWCNTs and Graphene Nano fillers Reinforced Galss Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composites were fabricated by incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nanofillers separately into an epoxy matrix at varying weight fractions of 2%, 4%, and 6%, with glass fiber serving as the primary reinforcement. The nanofillers were uniformly dispersed within the epoxy resin using an ultrasonication technique to ensure effective distribution and interfacial interaction. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed a significant enhancement in storage modulus, loss modulus, tan δ, and glass transition temperature (Tg) with increasing nanofiller content, exhibiting optimal improvement at 6 wt.% when compared to neat GFRP composites. Cole–Cole plots were constructed to evaluate the dispersion characteristics of the nanofillers within the epoxy matrix and to predict the extent of phase heterogeneity in the composite system. The results indicate that graphene nanofillers outperform MWCNTs in reinforcing GFRP composites, attributed to their superior dispersion uniformity and enhanced phase homogeneity within the epoxy matrix, thereby promoting improved interfacial integrity.