Application of Indian Knowledge System in Leadership and Ethical Governance to Achieve Sustainable Human Resource Development of the Organization

This paper examines how concepts from the Indian Knowledge System (IKS) — including dharma (duty/ethics), loka-saṃgraha (collective welfare), nishkāma karma (selfless action), yogic wellbeing, and governance principles from the Arthashastra — can be operationalized within contemporary leadership and ethical governance frameworks to promote sustainable Human Resource Development (HRD). We propose an integrative conceptual model linking IKS values to leadership behaviors, ethical governance mechanisms, employee wellbeing and capability development, showing how these can advance organizational sustainability and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper reviews empirical and theoretical literature, proposes mixed-method research designs to test the model (survey + case studies + intervention), and outlines organizational interventions (value-based leadership training, wellness and contemplative practices, ethical decision frameworks). Policy and practical implications for HR managers, educators and policymakers are discussed. The paper concludes with limitations and a detailed future research agenda focusing on measurement, longitudinal impact, cross-sectoral case studies, and digitalization of IKS for scalable HRD programs.