AI, Digital Health and Cyber Security in Sustainable Development: Literature Review on India and Malaysia

There is a dearth of comparative studies that examine the synergies between digital health, artificial intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in developing countries. This article highlights the critical issue of the lack of a holistic understanding of the impact of these three domains, known as the digital triad, to realise SDG 3, SDG 9, SDG 10 and SDG 16 in India and Malaysia. The study sheds light on the body of knowledge and problems that have been investigated, and uncovers gaps in the research and areas that lack transferable lessons for middle-income economies on the path to digital transformation. The result shows that, although research on individual domains has been conducted, the interaction between these domains has not been sufficiently addressed, and thus requires an integrated analytical approach that can provide guidance for policy and practice. The term Digital Health refers to the application of information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance health outcomes.