Beam Steering is Changing the Angle of Main Lobe Maximum Radiation Direction: Concepts and Methods

Beam steering, when done correctly, can be very advantageous. Beam steering when done properly aids in the final change of the direction of the electromagnetic radiation. This is achieved without changing the actual position of the antenna. Changing the flow of the electric current and changing the direction of the electromagnetic field beam steering comes into play. Alternative switching of the open circuit and closed circuit pin diode is used in beam steering of the antenna. It is just like you change the direction without the need for specifically changing the direction of the antenna radiation pattern. Beamsteering as mentioned is not mechanically changing the position or direction of the antenna array. Beam steering is steering the main lobe or the direction of maximum radiation without changing the mechanical movement of the antenna. This is achieved by phase shifting individual elements causing a shift in the overall final main lobe radiation pattern direction.