Evolutionary Algorithms Based Optimal Tuning of LQR–PID Controller-A Review Study

Abstract: The control of trajectory tracking for multi DOF parallel manipulators is extremely difficult due to the presence of high coupling factors and nonlinear dynamics. For these systems, Hybrid LQR-PID controllers are very promising in terms of robustness and tracking, and are therefore widely adopted. This paper analyzes the recent trend in the LQR-PID controller tuning using evolutionary algorithms, namely GA, PSO, DE, WOA, FA, BA, SCA, ABC, BBO, and GWO. It emphasizes the performance issues and identifies the missing areas in existing research.