A Mathematical Model of Nano-Based Drug Delivery to study the Effect of anti-CD147 drug on Tumor Angiogenesis

The growth of new vasculature from existing vasculature is termed as Tumor angiogenesis. Tumor Angiogenesis Factors (TAFs), Matrix Metallo Proteinases (MMPs), fibronectin etc. assist in the process of tumor angiogenesis. These factors enable the Endothelial Cells (ECs) to migrate from the parent blood vessel to the tumor. A transmembrane glycoprotein called Extracellular Matrix Metallo Proteinases Inducer / Cluster of Differentiation 147 (EMMPRIN / CD147), aids in tumor angiogenesis by increasing the TAF and MMP concentrations. To prevent or delay the completion of angiogenesis, an anti-CD147 drug which is encapsulated in a nanoparticle is applied. The mathematical formulation consists of partial differential equations (PDEs) and the encapsulation of the drug in the nanoparticle ensures that the drug is delivered to the site of interest. Further, release of the drug from the nanoparticle and its impact are modeled. The simulations are performed in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 software. The results show that having a high concentration of the drug in the delivery site, through a controlled release, is more effective than single administration of the drug.